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Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution Bill, 2002 (Ireland)
The Twenty-fifth Amendment was a failed attempt to amend the Constitution of Ireland to tighten the constitutional ban on abortion. It would have removed the threat of suicide as a grounds for legal abortion in the state, as well as introducing new penalties for anyone performing an abortion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution (Protection of Human Life in Pregnancy) Bill, 2001 )〕 It was narrowly rejected in the referendum, with 49.6% approval.
The full title of the proposal was the Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution (Protection of Human Life in Pregnancy) Bill, 2001. After it was rejected the number 25 was not reused; instead the next successful amendment of the constitution was the "Twenty-sixth Amendment". There has therefore been no successfully enacted "Twenty-fifth Amendment" of the Irish constitution. An earlier proposal called the "Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution Bill, 2001" had already been introduced as a private member's bill by Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin to guarantee Irish neutrality. It had lapsed after its first reading but the existence of that bill necessitated the inclusion of the parenthetical "(Protection of Human Life in Pregnancy)" in the name of the later bill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution Bill, 2001 (PMB) )〕 However, subsequent Constitutional amendments have since included explanatory titles in parentheses.
==Overview==
In 1983 the Eighth Amendment introduced a constitutional ban on abortion in Ireland. The "X Case" in 1992 established the right of Irish women to an abortion if a pregnant woman's life was at risk because of pregnancy, including the risk of suicide. Later in 1992, three separate constitutional amendments on the subject of abortion were put to a vote. One proposed to tighten the law on abortion. The Twelfth Amendment, which would have excluded the risk of suicide as grounds for abortion was rejected. The Thirteenth Amendment, which guaranteed freedom of travel to obtain an abortion abroad, and the Fourteenth Amendment, which guaranteed access to information, were both approved.
The Twenty-fifth Amendment was a second attempt to exclude the risk of suicide as grounds for an abortion. It was introduced by the Fianna Fáil–Progressive Democrats coalition government led by Taoiseach Bertie Ahern. The government presented the amendment as one part of a comprehensive package of changes to address the issue of crisis pregnancy. Among other measures it would have removed the threat of suicide as a grounds for legal abortion and also would have introduced new penalties of up to twelve years in jail, for those performing or assisting abortions. Along with the government parties, the Catholic Church favoured the proposal, it was opposed by Fine Gael, the Labour Party, the Green Party and Sinn Féin. The proposal was put to a referendum on 6 March 2002 but was narrowly rejected by 629,041 (50.4%) against to 618,485 (49.6%) in favour.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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